APA
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Smythe, T. A., Butt, C. M., Stapleton, H., Pleskach, K., Ratnayake, G., Song, C. Y., … Tomy, G. (2017). Impacts of Unregulated Novel Brominated Flame Retardants on Human Liver Thyroid Deiodination and Sulfotransferation. Environmental Science and Technology, 51(12), 7245–7253. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01143
Chicago/Turabian
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Smythe, T. A., C. M. Butt, H. Stapleton, K. Pleskach, G. Ratnayake, C. Y. Song, N. Riddell, A. Konstantinov, and G. Tomy. “Impacts of Unregulated Novel Brominated Flame Retardants on Human Liver Thyroid Deiodination and Sulfotransferation.” Environmental Science and Technology 51, no. 12 (2017): 7245–7253.
MLA
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Smythe, T. A., et al. “Impacts of Unregulated Novel Brominated Flame Retardants on Human Liver Thyroid Deiodination and Sulfotransferation.” Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 51, no. 12, 2017, pp. 7245–53, doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b01143.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{t2017a,
title = {Impacts of Unregulated Novel Brominated Flame Retardants on Human Liver Thyroid Deiodination and Sulfotransferation.},
year = {2017},
issue = {12},
journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},
pages = {7245-7253},
volume = {51},
doi = {10.1021/acs.est.7b01143},
author = {Smythe, T. A. and Butt, C. M. and Stapleton, H. and Pleskach, K. and Ratnayake, G. and Song, C. Y. and Riddell, N. and Konstantinov, A. and Tomy, G.}
}
The inhibitory effects of five novel brominated flame retardants, 1,2-bis(2,4,5-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB), bis(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP), and β-tetrabromoethylcyclohexane (β-TBECH), on thyroid hormone deiodinase (DIO) and sulfotransferase (SULT) activity were investigated using human in vitro liver microsomal and cytosolic bioassays. Enzymatic activity was measured by incubating active human liver subcellular fractions with thyroid hormones (T4 and rT3 separately) and measuring changes in thyroid hormone (T4, T3, rT3, and 3,3'-T2) concentrations. Only DBDPE showed inhibition of both outer and inner ring deiodination (O and IRD) of T3 and 3,3'-T2 formation from T4, respectively, with an estimated IC50 of 160 nM; no statistically significant inhibition of SULT activity was observed. ORD inhibition of 3,3'-T2 formation from rT3 was also observed (IC50 ∼ 100 nM). The kinetics of T4 O and IRD were also investigated, although a definitive mechanism could not be identified as the Michaelis-Menten parameters and maximal rate constants were not significantly different. Concentrations tested were intentionally above expected environmental levels, and this study suggests that these NBFRs are not potent human liver DIO and SULT inhibitors. To our knowledge, DBDPE is the first example of a nonhydroxylated contaminant inhibiting DIO activity, and further study of the mechanism of action is warranted.